Switch Statement
The switch statement is similar to if-else but only applicable to int and char datatype and all the probable outcomes are considered by defining different cases.
C++ provides a multiple-branch selection statement known as switch. This selection statement successively tests the value of an expression. When a match is found, the statements associated with that constant are executed.
Syntax:
switch( condition )
{
case outcome1 : statement1 ;
break ;
case outcome2: statement2 ;
break ;
default : statement of default ;
break ;
}
Program to find whether the number input by user is completely divisible by 3 or not .
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main(){
clrscr() ;
int numb, remains ;
cout<<" Enter the number = " ;
cin>>numb ;
remains = numb%3 ;
switch( remains )
{
case 0: cout<<" Number is completely divisible " ;
break ;
default : cout<<" Not completely divisible " ;
break;
}
getch() ;
}
Program to find the area of triangle , square, rectangle and circle .
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main(){
clrscr();
int option ;
float base, height, side, length , width , radius ;
float area ;
cout<<" Choose the following choices to calculate the areas of different shapes " ;
cout<<"\n 1- For Triangle \n 2- For Square \n 3- For Rectangle \n 4- For Circle" ;
cout<<"Enter your choice = " ;
cin>>option ;
switch ( option )
{
case 1: cout<<" Enter the base value of Right angle triangle = " ;
cin>>base ;
cout<<" Enter the height value of Right angle triangle = " ;
cin>>height ;
area = (1/2)*base*height ;
cout<<"The area of Right triangle is = "<<area ;
break ;
case 2: cout<<" Enter the side length of square = " ;
cin>>side ;
area = side*side ;
cout<<" The area of Square is = "<<area ;
break ;
case 3: cout<<" Enter the length of rectangle = " ;
cin>>length ;
cout<<"Enter the width of rectangle = " ;
cin>>width ;
area = lenght*width ;
cout<<" The area of Rectangle is = "<<area ;
break ;
case 4: cout<<" Enter the radius of circle = " ;
cin>>radius ;
area = 3.14*radius*radius ;
cout<<" The area of Circle is = "<<area ;
break ;
default : cout<<" Your choice is improper , please make a proper choice from above available options " ;
break ;
}
getch() ;
}
Program to find whether vowel or consonants is entered by user .
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main(){
clrscr() ;
char ch ;
cout<<" Enter a letter = " ;
cin>>ch ;
switch ( ch )
{
case ‘a’ : cout<<" It is a vowel " ;
break ;
case ‘A’ : cout<<" It is a vowel " ;
break ;
case ‘e’ : cout<<" It is a vowel " ;
break ;
case ‘E’ : cout<<" It is a vowel " ;
break ;
case ‘i’ : cout<<" It is a vowel " ;
break ;
case ‘I’ : cout<<" It is a vowel " ;
break ;
case ‘o’ : cout<<" It is a vowel " ;
break ;
case ‘O’ : cout<<" It is a vowel " ;
break ;
case ‘u’ : cout<<" It is a vowel " ;
break ;
case ‘U’ : cout<<" It is a vowel " ;
break ;
default : cout<<" It is a consonants " ;
break ;
}
getch() ;
}
Note :- We can use fall through in switch which reduce the code length , use the following method .
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main(){
clrscr() ;
char ch ;
cout<<" Enter the character = " ;
cin>>ch ;
switch ( ch )
{
case ‘a’:
case ‘A’:
case ‘e’:
case ‘E’:
case ‘i’:
case ‘I’:
case ‘o’:
case ‘O’:
case ‘u’:
case ‘U’: cout<<"It is vowel " ;
/* This is called fall through in switch. */
break ;
default : cout<<" It is a consonants " ;
break ;
}
getch() ;
}
Program to make a calculator .
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main(){
clrscr() ;
float numb1, numb2, output ;
char opt ;
cout<<" The operation that can be performed are + , - , * , / , % " ;
cout<<"\n Enter the first number = " ;
cin>>numb1 ;
cout<<"\n Enter the operator= " ;
cin>>opt ;
cout<<"\n Enter the second number = " ;
cin>>numb2 ;
switch ( opt )
{
case ‘+’ : output = numb1 + numb2 ;
break ;
case ‘-’ : output = numb1 – numb2 ;
break ;
case ‘*’ :output = numb1 * numb2 ;
break ;
case ‘/’ : output = numb1 / numb2 ;
break ;
case ‘%’ : output = numb1 % numb2 ;
break ;
default : cout<<" Invalid operator chosen " ;
break ;
}
cout<<"\n The output is = "<<output ;
getch() ;
}
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